HONOLULU (KHON2) — For people with diabetes, managing blood sugar levels can be challenging, especially during extreme heat.
Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are serious risks.
KHON2.com sat down with Dr. Philip Verhoef, an Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at the John A. Burns School of Medicine, who offered important advice on how to stay safe.
The impact of heat on blood sugar levels
Heat can significantly affect blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
“When the body gets stressed out from heat, it releases a lot of natural steroids, which can mess up blood sugar levels,” explained Dr. Verhoef.
This can make blood sugar levels fluctuate dramatically, posing a serious health risk.
During a recent hike, a person with diabetes experienced a significant rise in blood sugar followed by a sudden drop.
“Heat exhaustion can cause blood sugar to go way up, then suddenly drop,” said Dr. Verhoef. This can be dangerous and requires careful monitoring.
Staying hydrated and cool
Hydration is crucial, but it’s not always enough. Dr. Verhoef recommends drinking at least a quart of water per hour in extreme heat.
“If you’re starting to feel more tired, develop a headache, or feel nauseous, you might be experiencing heat exhaustion,” he warned.
In such cases, it’s essential to find ways to cool down immediately.
Dr. Verhoef also highlights the importance of taking breaks in shaded or cool areas and wearing light, breathable clothing. Using cooling aids like wet cloths or fans can help manage body temperature.
Monitoring blood sugar levels
People with diabetes should pay extra attention to their blood sugar levels during extreme heat.
“Continuous glucose monitors can be affected by changes in skin temperature and blood flow,” noted Dr. Verhoef. This means that readings might not always be accurate, so regular monitoring is essential.
“If you get to the point where you’re drinking water, but still not feeling well, you might be close to heat exhaustion,” said Dr. Verhoef.
In such cases, it’s crucial to take immediate action to cool down and check blood sugar levels frequently.
Preventing heat-related illnesses
For those watching someone else with diabetes, signs like confusion or lack of sweating are critical to recognize.
“If someone stops sweating, it means they’re severely dehydrated and need immediate help,” said Dr. Verhoef. Move them to a cooler place, give them water, and seek medical attention if necessary.
When planning outdoor activities, Dr. Verhoef suggests scheduling them during cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late evening.
“It’s important to recognize the signs early and take action to cool down,” he emphasized.
Staying safe
Managing diabetes in extreme heat requires careful planning and attention.
By staying hydrated, monitoring blood sugar levels regularly, and recognizing early signs of heat-related illnesses, people with diabetes can enjoy outdoor activities safely.